Essay For College Sample - Writing the Perfect Paper

Essay For College Sample - Writing the Perfect PaperThere are several advantages of using college essay for college samples. All students need a proper outline to make it easier for them to write a full-sized paper. A good essay will be an essential tool in securing good grades and more desirable job placements. It can also open the door to better opportunities after graduation.The best essay for college sample will contain three main parts: the introduction, the body and the conclusion. Students should make sure that they create three separate drafts as they study each part. This will help them avoid writing an essay with the same format. Using three different versions will ensure that students work on three distinct projects.One of the most important parts of all essay samples is the introduction. The introduction is the point where students get their bearings as they read through the entire essay. For this reason, it should be written well. However, there are certain things that s tudents should consider before they start writing the introduction.First, they should know how to begin their intro. Some topics include where they are coming from, their goals and their interests. Students should research the subject thoroughly before they start writing their introduction.They should also decide what topic to discuss. Topics that are discussed in the introductory paragraph are bound to have some relevance to the body of the essay. They should choose topics that relate to the topic of the full-sized piece.The next thing to do is to choose the topic and outline that they want to write. Students should plan a paper that has the most relevance to their course. If they choose something that is not relevant, they will not be able to finish the entire project.The third thing that they should do is to write an outline for the paper. Once the topic and outline have been decided, they should begin writing the outline. The outline must be strong enough to prevent their studen t from cutting corners when they are writing the paper.Students should write their paper as concisely as possible. If they take too long, they will lose points from their exam. A paper that is poorly written will result in a grade that is below average.

New York Association Of Adult Entertainment Establishments Essays

New York Association Of Adult Entertainment Establishments New York Association of Adult Entertainment Establishments (NYAEE) causes to act in a legal suit against the Department of City Planning. Background and Facts. In this dispute, the Adult Establishment has been restricted in the city of New York, Manhattan, Queens, Brooklyn, Bronx, and Staten Island: I. Adult establishments, new and old are barred from certain districts that are zoned for manufacturing and commercial use but also permit residential development. II. Adult establishments must locate 500 feet from schools, houses of worship, day care centers. III. No more than one adult establishment in a zoning area. IV. Adult establishment can have no more than 10,000 square feet of floor area and cellar space. V. Adult establishments must conform or terminate within a year. These regulations are set forth by the New York Department of City Planning for the following reasons: decrease property values of surrounding business and residents, increase in crime, substantial loss of business because of loss in investments and decline in economic and pedestrian activities. Issues. The controversies in the dispute involving the interests of the city versus the interests of the Adult Entertainment enterprises are three-fold. First, in the process of zoning property boundaries, the government must avoid a regulating factor that allows a commercial business to have no other competition. A monopoly is an illegal economic entity in our free-market system. If only one adult establishment can be present in a zoning area, it is then a restriction of the competitive market where there can not be a choice for the consumer. This is the weakest of the three arguments and it will just be mentioned but not pursued. Second, it seems that the realm in which the city defines the Adult Establishment as a commercial enterprise, it seems that a zoning ordinance can only be set as commercials or non-commercial. A re-zoning of an area should not discriminate by type of business but only by the type of area the city cares to allow. In other words, zoning is a planning system to support either industrial, commercial, or residential areas. If an area is commercial, it should limit the area to certain enterprise. If a city decides that an enterprise in causing a disruption within the area it exists, then it should not allow the product to be sold in that area at all. The decision held in the National Paint and Coatings Association v. Chicago case is an example where the city council outlaws spray paint and big markers in the city of Chicago. The court found that there was no mistreatment and there is no fundamental right to sell paint therefore the license to sell paint can be denied by the city. The selli ng of adult entertainment can be denied completely because there is no fundament right to sell adult entertainment however, there is a fundamental right to own property, acquire property, and use the property according to the zone be it a commercial area for enterprise purposes. The third issue is that in regulating a adult entertainment, the city has taken the private property of the owners for a public good. The government has taken the action to intrude upon the ownership of property and has force that property to no longer be of use to that owner. This constitutes a takings by the government and the owners should be compensated for its losses. This is the strongest argument for the action in suit to resolve the dispute on behalf of the NYAEE. Holding. It is important to include some relevant case law that invokes the issue of a takings in order support the argument of a takings in this instance. In the Penn Central Transportation v. New York City 1978, the court's deliberation found that the action by the city did not constitute a takings. Justice Brennan found that the economic impact, the physical invasion by the government, the significant impact of the property in the realm of freedom and ability, and the regulation was designed to promote the good of the public, were the circumstance to rule in favor of the city, that these aspects were address in the correct manner. Using Brennan's scale in the Adult Entertainment dispute, the government is causing a negative economic

Child Abuse Essay Example

Child Abuse Essay Example Child Abuse Essay Child Abuse Essay An Attributional or Social-Cognitive Approach to Causality Physical maltreatmentis one of the prima causes of decease for kids worldwide. UNICEF ( 2003 ) has estimated that, in Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development member provinces,kid maltreatment and disregardlead to 3500 deceases per twelvemonth. Furthermore, the entire figure of instances of maltreatment is estimated to be every bit much as two-thousand times higher than the figure of deceases due to maltreatment. What is the account for, or the cause of,kid maltreatment? Attempts to understand and extenuate kid ill-treatment have met withlimited success. A figure of factors have been identified ascorrelates of child ill-treatment. Included in these factors are lowsocioeconomic position, a cultural background tolerant of force, abreakdown of the household, societal isolation, kid morbidity, parentalmental unwellness and substance maltreatment, and parents who were abused duringtheir ain childhood. However, the events that lead to maltreatment arecomplex and are non good understood within any individual theoreticalframework. Frustration with the low impact of aetiologic research inthis country may explicate the displacement of focal point for many research workers, a shiftaway from causes of maltreatment toward intercessions with maltreatment subsisters.While it is improbable that an across-the-board theory is possible, anattributional attack to progressing the apprehension of thismulti-faceted phenomenon has gained some currency in psychologicalliterature. Attribution theory predicts that some signifier of aggressivebehavior, such as kid maltreatment, will be focused on the individual or objectperceived to be the knowing cause of a negative event. Incontrast, individuals or objects perceived as causally-linked with anegative event but in an unwilled manner are less likely to bethe receivers of focussed aggression ; in fact, a sympathetic responseis posited as more likely under these conditions. The followers is a treatment of the application of this theoretical account tothe sphere of child ill-treatment ; in peculiar, physical maltreatment. Inthe specific theoretical account to be discussed, physical maltreatment is conceptualized asan case of aggression, and attributional procedures are imbeddedwithin the context of a social-cognitive attack to aggression. Theutility and restrictions of this theoretical model, and itsimplications as a theoretical account for preventative intercession, will bediscussed.It should be understood at the beginning that wearing any one particulartheoretical position, with its defined and finite set of constructs, concepts and relationships, imposes a needfully restricting conditionon understanding causality as it relates to the comprehensiveness and range ofthekid maltreatment phenomenon. Perforce, a battalion of other lending variables is disregarded. About the Model With a focal point onphysical kid maltreatmentas an incidence ofaggression, it foremost is necessary to understand the social-cognitiveapproach to understanding aggression. The slightly mechanisticfrustration-aggression hypothesis ( Dollard et al. , 1939 ) , whichdominated earlier research on aggression, alerted the research worker andpractitioner to look for a anterior frustrating event. This attack had, and continues to hold, advocators and pertinence in the field ofchild abuse research. By contrast, an deduction of the social-cognitive attack isthat, given the presence of aggressive behaviour, one should look forthe aggressor’s judgement that the victim is personally responsible fora anterior negative event and for the aggressor’s feelings of choler towardthe victim. This theoretical account assumes that the perceptual experiences of negativeevents, illations sing possible motivations for those events, andother information-processing activities are cardinal to understandingthe instrumentality and etiology of hostile behaviours, the how and thewhy of aggression ( Crick A ; Dodge, 1994 ) . Within this position, attributional analyses focus on the procedure of imputing or assigningcausality for the happening of consequence events that are experient aspositive or negative, in changing grades, by the percipient. Attributional theoretical accounts differ from other social-cognitive signifiers ofanalysis in the inclusion of affect as a cardinal concept ( Wei ner,1986, 1995 ) . Adding affect to the mix consequences in a widening of thequality, every bit good as measure, of possible forecasters of aggression. As Weiner ( 1995 ) pointed out, affect takes us beyond the kingdom of coldand nonsubjective cognitive factors. In ascription theory, the perceived intentionality/controllabilityof an consequence event experienced as hostile constitutes the decidingfactor for the anticipation of whether an aggressive response willoccur. If a individual attributes a negative event to the voluntaryactions of another, so some signifier of aggression directed at theperceived cause of the event can be predicted. On the other manus, ifthe perceived cause of the negative event is believed to hold actedinvoluntarily, so a less aggressive response would be predicted. Whether the causal act is perceived as within or beyond the actor’scontrol is polar here, and the assignment of duty for theact determines the quality of the response. Deleterious actions, for illustration, elicit illations of duty if the histrion is perceived to possess cognition of the nature of the actand the purpose to bring down hurt. Conversely, duty is less likely to be assigned to an histrion whose behaviour is deemed to beoutside his control or the negative affect associated with the actionis judged to be unintended ( Graham, Weiner, A ; Zucker, 1997 ) . A ill-famed illustration of this mediational function forvolition/controllability in the assignment of duty may beseen in the Nazi war offenses adjudication proceedings. A less utmost illustration might be the greater assignment of duty for fiscal success to a individual perceived as holding worked difficult than to a lottery victor. These judgements of will and purpose are cardinal to the predictionof aggression from an attributional point of view. An often-replicatedfinding in the literature on childhood aggression is that kids andadolescents who tend to exhibit aggressive behaviour are more likely toassign hostile purposes to others than are their less aggressivepeers ( Crick A ; Dodge, 1994 ) . That perceptual experience can represent amotive for farther aggression in the pretense of requital and justness.In add-on, Averill ( 1983 ) and Weiner ( 1995 ) provided evidencedemonstrating that the perceptual experience of personal duty for aninjurious act can arouse choler and the related, affectively-negativeexperiences. This determination is in line with the thought from appraisaltheory that ideas have the capacity to arouse emotions ( Ellsworth A ; Smith, 1988 ) . In bend, choler has been demonstrated to arouseaggressive, relatiative behaviour ( Berkowitz, 1993 ) . The physiologicalexperience of choler can wor k as a stimulation to hostile action. Judgments sing duty for an consequence event besides canresult in more positive attendant behaviour. Contextual cues provide arich beginning of information for the appraisal of personalresponsibility. For illustration, if one’s remark is ignored by another, the negative affect, choler and aggression that might be generated giventhe premise of an knowing rebuff could be mitigated by theexplanatory cue of a noisy room. If an person is non heldpersonally responsible for doing a negative event, so the door possibly opened for a sympathetic response to that individual ( Schmidt A ; Weiner, 1988 ; Weiner, 1995 ) . In fact, surveies of selflessness ( i.e. , assisting behaviour ) have providedvery strong support for the prognostic value of attributional attacks. This literature testifies to the function of inferred duty in interceding behavioural responses to the perceived cause of an consequence event. It has been demonstrated, time-after-time, that people tend to react with sympathy and selfless behaviour given that the individual in demand of aid is non judged to be responsible for his/her predicament. Conversely, if the cause of a person’s hurt is attributed to actions within the person’s voluntary control, so people tend to react with choler and to keep back aid. For illustration, the inclination tocome to the assistance of a pupil, on crutches and have oning a dramatis personae, who dropsan armful of text editions, should be more marked than assisting behavior manifested toward the same student’s dropping a heap of magazines that extol utmost athleticss. Merely as attributional procedures do non intercede all aggression, altruismmay be found in the absence of responsibility-mediated ascriptions. However, ascription theory has a important differentiation in itsability to be applied to, and have prognostic cogency within, thedomains of both pro-social and antisocial interpersonal behaviour. Formany research workers, this grounds of the rich and robust quality of theattributional model places it among the general theories ofhuman motive. Using Attribution Theory to Child Abuse Two sequences qualifying the etiology of aggressive versusnonaggressive responses to negative consequence events can be derived fromthe theoretical relationships and the empirical grounds cited thusfar: Attribution of causality for a negative consequence event to a peculiar individual ( mark ) ? illation of personal duty for the negative event ? increased choler and decreased sympathy ? aggressive behaviour directed toward the mark. Attribution of causality for a negative consequence event to a peculiar individual ( mark ) ? no personal duty for the consequence event is inferred ? decreased choler and increased sympathy ? no aggressive behaviour directed toward the mark. These attribution-assessment-emotion-behavior sequences can be appliedspecifically to the kingdom of physical kid maltreatment. See thefollowing scenario. Small Janey paths mud into the house afterplaying outside. The female parent knows that Janey is the cause for muddyfootprints on her clean floor ( i.e. , ascription of causality for anegative consequence event to a mark ) . The female parent believes that Janey didthis deliberately, to do her more work ( i.e. , locates personalresponsibility for the event in the mark ) . The female parent becomes angryand work stoppages Janey. Alternatively, the female parent may recognize that Janeydid non purposively muddy the floor ; that she was trying to honorher newly-taught enamored preparation by hotfooting to the bathroom. The muddyfloor remains a negative event and Janey’s behaviour remains the cause ; nevertheless, the purpose to execute a negative action is non assigned toJaney. Therefore, the female parent directs less anger an d more sympathytoward her girl, and aggressive behaviour toward Janey is non thechosen response. The determiners of child ill-treatment include both attributional ( cognitive ) and affectional ( emotional ) constituents. This interpretationof the causes for physical kid maltreatment has received some support in theresearch literature. A cardinal ancestor of maltreatment was, at one clip, believed to be unrealistic outlooks on the portion of the parentsregarding the developmental gait of the kid ( Spinetta A ; Rigler,1972 ) . These false outlooks can be interpreted as illations ofcontrollability that mediated aggressive responses ( e.g. , Bradley A ; Peters, 1991 ) . Other findings related to this point have indicatedthat opprobrious parents tend to comprehend intentionality or control by thechild in the public presentation of negative behaviours ( Bugenthal, 1987 ; Bugenthal et al. , 1989 ; MacKinnon-Lewis et al. , 1992 ) . These informations areconsistent with the attributional analyses of kid maltreatment reported byBauer and Twentyman ( 1985 ) , Graham and co-workers ( 2001 ) , and Larranceand Twentyman ( 1983 ) . Milner and Foody ( 1994 ) reported the resistanceof parents at-risk for kid maltreatment to altering their ascriptions ofintentionality on the portion of the kid, even in the face of mitigatinginformation ( e.g. , contextual cues ) .In drumhead, there are empirical findings in support of an attributionalapproach to understanding physical kid maltreatment. However, the figure ofstudies is comparatively little. Deductions for Intervention The attributional attack and research findings reviewed haveimplications for preventative intercessions with at-risk health professionals. Oneobvious get downing point is attributional alteration, developing health professionals tosee their kids as less in control of, and less responsible for, their negative behaviours. Attributional therapy has been used toproduce alterations in behaviour by changing causal believing in educationaland clinical scenes for more than twenty old ages ( Forsterling, 1985 ) . Abusive health professionals can be instructed sing the meaningresponsibility, how accurately to deduce intentionality, and howcircumstances can alter illations sing incrimination. Decision A shared belief among research worker and theoreticians is that multiplesufficient causes exist and apply to peculiar manifestations ofaggression, includingkid maltreatment. For illustration, Belsky’s ( 1993 ) reappraisal of the literature covering with child ill-treatment concluded that: â€Å"All excessively unhappily, there are many tracts to child abuse† ( p. 413 ) . Were your parents opprobrious? Is it excessively warm in your house? Are you prejudiced? Do you experience frustrated? Are you mentally ill? A â€Å"yes† response to any of these inquiries, aswell as a mark of others, indicates that you are, to some grade, at hazard for mistreating a kid.Any individual history can embrace merely a little part of the dynamicsof aggression, in general, or of child maltreatment, in peculiar. While thetelling of a consistent narrative is the virtuousness of attachment to a particulartheoretical model or way, the way itself, by rights of its ownparticular properties, imposes bounds of understanding on thestory-teller and the audience. Attribution theory promotes a compelling position of the cognitive andaffective factors that can take to physical kid maltreatment or to asympathetic response. Possibly it is most compelling in its offering of intercessions toprevent mistreatment of kids, a virtuousness merely briefly touched upon in this paper. Overall, more research is needed, every bit good as the acknowledgment that the portion of theaetiologic narrativebased on ascription theory is a little portion, so.

12 hour shift Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

12 hour shift - Essay Example Sloane et al., 2012). It is indispensable to consider the consequence of the 12-hour shift for nurses on all the stakeholders involved who are the nurses, patients, as well as hospital management’s reason for implementing this structure. This needs assessment will benefit the recommendation to adopt or reject the 12-hour shift for the registered nursing community depending on their sentiments and responses to the questions posed to them through a professionally-written survey. The needs assessment in this case is very much dependent on the available resources that entail people, money, and time as factors of consideration. The targeted population in this particular needs assessment is the nursing community. In looking at the effect of the 12-hour shift on registered nurses, the questions to be responded to will allude to pertinent issues. These are related to the needs such as patient safety in view of the effects of longer working hours, hospital’s reason for implementing the 12-hour shift, and the effects on the registered nurses in particular (Rogers & Hwang et al., 2011). Using a needs assessment survey is an appropriate approach to this problem because the need to be assessed is tri-faceted and should be approached from this angle by involving all stakeholders in the intended survey. Stimpfel and Sloane et al. (2012) assert that these extended work shifts that range from 12 hours or more have become common in the field of registered nurses and are popular with hospital staff nurses. Little is known concerning the effects of such extended hours on patient care or the registered nurses’ well-being (Stimpfel & Aiken, 2013). It is from this point of view that the survey approach comes in handy as a way of aggregating the experiences and responses especially from nurses and patients. In their survey, that featured nurses from four states, results indicated that more than 80% of the nurses were

Substance abuse and mental health service administration Research Paper

Substance abuse and mental health service administration - Research Paper Example Of this number, 36.2 million do not have substance abuse disorder. Comparatively 20.8 million or about 9% of the US adult population had SUD, but 11.9 million of them had no mental illness. The convergence of the blue and yellow circles represented by the green portion, or 8.9 million, accounts for those who both had substance use and mental health disorder at the same time. This suggests that about 4% of the US adult population in 2009 suffered from co-morbidity of substance abuse and mental illness (SAMSHA, 2010b). As indicated graphically in Figure 2, there were more substance users among US adults with mental illness in 2009 than in 2008, across all the illicit substances considered in the figure. It may be observed that Marijuana use increased by 10% in 2009, while use of psychotherapeutics posted an increment of 8.6%, and cocaine use swelled by 2.9%. Hallucinogens, inhalants and Heroin registered usage growth of 2.4%, 0.9% and 0.6% respectively (SAMSHA, 2010b). These statistics suggests that substance use among adults with mental illness dramatically increased between 2008 and 2009. In terms of rehabilitation, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (2010b) reported that 30.2 million adults received mental health services in 2009. Approximately the same percentage was reported for 2008 (13%). However, more than half of the 8.9 million adults who had both mental illness and substance use disorders were found to have received no treatment for either one of the co-morbid disorders. As depicted in Figure 3, 55.8% or close to 5 million of adults with both substance abuse and mental health disorders did not receive any treatment. Of those who received treatment, 32.9% or about 3 million received treatment for mental health only and 3.8% or 0.34 million received treatment for substance use only. Only 7.4% or 0.66 million were able to receive care and treatment for both mental

Computer Virus Essay Example for Free

Computer Virus Essay The emergence of technological innovations such as the advent of computer and computer programs, also paved way for the birth of certain viruses that can disrupt software programs. These viruses infect a program and allow it to spread from one computer to the others (â€Å"Viruses†). As it transfers from one computer to another, it leaves complications or ailments that like human viruses, has varying degrees of severity. Some are merely designed to annoy the computer user while others can destroy the entire computer hardware (Beal). Viruses may be categorized as a worm, Trojan or just a virus. A worm is quite similar to a virus, but unlike a virus that needs human intervention in order for it to spread, worms can spread on its own. It has the capacity to replicate itself and travel from one hardware to another through the transport features of the computer’s system. Because of its replicating capacity it poses harm as it can slow down the computer the moment it becomes multitude (Beal). A Trojan on the other hand does not replicate as viruses and worms do. They appear at first as some legitimate program or file but the moment it is ran in the computer it can create various damage. Sometimes they are made to annoy while other can seriously destroy the computer by deleting files or programs. It can also create backdoors that can give other users access to the system that may give away personal or confidential information (Beal). Most of the time, these malicious programs spread with human intervention. When viruses cling onto a file and was run in the computer, it automatically spreads in the system of that computer.Trojans spread in the same way, while worms replicate itself in the system, to another system and to another. Works Cited Beal, Vangie. 2007. The Difference Between a Computer Virus, Worm and Trojan Horse. Webopedia. 11 November, 2008 http://www. webopedia. com/DidYouKnow/Internet/2004/virus. asp. Brain, Marshall. n. d. How Computer Viruses Work. HowStuffWorks. 11 November 2008 http://computer. howstuffworks. com/virus2. htm. Viruses. n. d. Kasperskylab. 11 November 2008 http://www. kaspersky. com/virusinfo.

Sony vs Connectix :: Argumentative Persuasive Software Essays

Sony vs Connectix Introduction Reverse engineering has become a controversial topic in the software industry. In 1999, Sony filed a suit against Connectix alleging copyright infringement concerning a Macintosh emulator of the Sony Playstation known as the Virtual Game Station. This emulator allows Macintosh users to play Playstation games without a Sony Playstation. A federal judge ruled in favor of Sony, and issued an order that Connectix halt its sales of the emulator. The next year Connectix appealed the ruling, and the Federal Court of Appeals reversed the original ruling. Video game business in the United States alone is a billion dollar industry and legal decisions such as this one have huge ramifications not just for the game industry, but for the entire software industry as well. In order to determine the right decision, one has to examine different ethical perspectives ranging from determining what action results in the most happiness of the stakeholders involved to what inherent rights each individual stakeholder is entitled to. Background Sony is the creator of the Sony Playstation. Video game console manufacturers generally use the console as a loss leader and hope to profit on their gaming platforms by selling licenses to produce games to software manufacturing companies. Thus, Sony created a barrier of entry in console manufacturing because other hardware manufacturers would have to be willing to lose money per hardware unit sold in order to compete with Sony. Also, such a manufacturer wouldn’t receive the software game revenues that Sony receives, which gave Sony what seemed to be a monopoly on the Playstation platform. The Sony Playstation consists of hardware components and software components. The software component is the Sony BIOS, which is resides in read-only memory. Sony holds a copyright on the BIOS.1 The Connectix Virtual Game Station emulates the functionality of the Sony Playstation. A consumer could purchase a Playstation game, load it into his Macintosh CD-drive, and play the game using the Virtual Game Station. Connectix created the emulator by purchasing a Playstation, copying the contents of the BIOS into the memory of a Macintosh, and observing the input into the BIOS and the output of the hardware.